Waterloo

Underground station, existing between 1848 and now

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MAP YEAR:18001810182018301860190019502024 
 
Underground station · * · SE1 ·
November
5
2020
London Waterloo station is a central London railway terminus and London Underground complex. The station is one of 18 in Britain owned and operated by Network Rail and is close to the South Bank of the River Thames.

The London and South Western Railway opened the station on 11 July 1848 as ’Waterloo Bridge Station’ (from the nearby crossing over the Thames) when its main line was extended from Nine Elms. The station, designed by William Tite, was raised above marshy ground on a series of arches. The unfulfilled intention was for a through station with services to the City. In 1886, it officially became Waterloo Station, reflecting long-standing common usage, even in some L&SWR timetables.

It is located in the Waterloo district of London, which was itself named after the Battle of Waterloo in which Napoleon was defeated near Brussels.

As the station grew, it became increasingly ramshackle. The original 1848 station became known as the ’Central Station’ as other platforms were added. The new platform sets were known by nicknames - the two platforms added for suburban services in 1878 were the ’Cyprus Station’, whilst the six built in 1885 for use by trains on the Windsor line became the ’Khartoum Station’. Each of these stations-within-a-station had its own booking office, taxi stand and public entrances from the street, as well as often poorly marked and confusing access to the rest of the station. This complexity and confusion became the butt of jokes by writers and music hall comics for many years in the late 19th century, including Jerome K. Jerome in Three Men in a Boat.

The present buildings were inaugurated in 1922. Part of the station is a Grade II listed heritage building.

With over 91 million passenger entries and exits between April 2010 and March 2011, Waterloo is easily Britain’s busiest railway station in terms of passenger usage. The Waterloo complex is one of the busiest passenger terminals in Europe. It has more platforms and a greater floor area than any other station in the UK (though Clapham Junction, just under 4 miles down the line, has the largest number of trains). It is the terminus of a network of railway lines from Surrey, Berkshire, Hampshire, South West England, and the south-western suburbs of London.

Waterloo tube station is, like its namesake, the busiest station on the network and is served by the Bakerloo, Jubilee, Northern and the Waterloo & City lines.

The first underground station at Waterloo was opened on 8 August 1898 by the Waterloo & City Railway (W&CR), a subsidiary of the owners of the main line station, the London and South Western Railway (L&SWR). The W&CR, nicknamed the Drain, achieved in a limited way the L&SWR’s original plan of taking its tracks the short distance north-east into the City of London.

On 10 March 1906, the Baker Street & Waterloo Railway (BS&WR, now the Bakerloo line) was opened. On 13 September 1926, the extension of the Hampstead & Highgate line (as the Charing Cross branch of the Northern line was then known) was opened from Embankment to the existing City & South London Railway station Kennington with a new station at Waterloo.

As a subsidiary of the L&SWR and its successor the Southern Railway, the W&CR was not a part of the London Underground system. Following nationalization of the main line railway companies in 1948, it became part of British Railways (later British Rail). Following a period of closure during 1993 when the line was converted to use the four rail electrical system of the London Underground, the ownership of Waterloo & City line was transferred to the Underground on 1 April 1994.

On 24 September 1999, the Jubilee line station was opened as part of the Jubilee Line Extension. The station was temporarily the western terminus of the extension running from Stratford in east London, before the final section to link the extension to the original line was opened between Waterloo and Green Park on 20 November 1999. The Jubilee platforms are at the opposite end of the site from those of the Bakerloo and Northern lines, but the two ends are connected by a 140-metre moving walkway link (one of only two on the Underground - the other gives access to the Waterloo & City line platform at Bank station).

Waterloo station is linked to the South Bank by an elevated walkway. It was once possible to walk directly by elevated walkways and footbridges all the way from the concourse of Waterloo to that of Charing Cross railway station on the north side of the Thames, but the demolition of part of the Waterloo walkway and the reconstruction of the Hungerford Footbridge means that that is no longer possible.



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NEARBY LOCATIONS OF NOTE
Canterbury Music Hall The Canterbury Music Hall was established in 1852 by Charles Morton on the site of a former skittle alley adjacent to the Canterbury Tavern at 143 Westminster Bridge Road.
Florence Nightingale Museum The Florence Nightingale Museum is located at St Thomas’ Hospital, which faces the Palace of Westminster across the River Thames.
Hole In the Wall The Hole In The Wall is a local Waterloo institution.
Hungerford Bridge Hungerford Bridge is a rail bridge crossing the Thames into Charing Cross station.
Lower Marsh Market Lower Marsh Market is in the Waterloo area of London.
Necropolis Station The London Necropolis Railway was opened in 1854 as a reaction to severe overcrowding in London’s existing graveyards and cemeteries.
Waterloo London Waterloo station is a central London railway terminus and London Underground complex. The station is one of 18 in Britain owned and operated by Network Rail and is close to the South Bank of the River Thames.

NEARBY STREETS
Addington Street, SE1 Addington Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Alaska Street, SE1 Alaska Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Aquinas Street, SE1 Aquinas Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area (South Bank)
Barons Place, SE1 Barons Place is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Baylis Road, SE1 Baylis Road runs between Westminster Bridge Road and Waterloo Road (Waterloo)
Becket House, SE1 Becket House is located on Lambeth Palace Road (Lambeth)
Belvedere Crescent, SE1 Belvedere Crescent used to run off Belvedere Road (South Bank)
Belvedere Road, SE1 Belvedere Road was laid out between 1814 and 1827 (South Bank)
Benson House, SE1 Benson House is located on Hatfields (Southwark)
Blackfriars Foundry 154-156, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode
Blenheim Business Centre, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Lambeth North)
Boundary Row, SE1 Boundary Row is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area
Boyce Street, SE1 Anne Street was renamed Boyce Street in 1911 (Waterloo)
Brad Street, SE1 Brad Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Buckley Street, SE1 Frances Street was renamed Buckley Street in 1937 but disappeared from the map in the 1950s (Waterloo)
Burrows Mews, SE1 Burrows Mews is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area
Casson Square, SE1 Casson Square is a square of South Bank buildings (South Bank)
Chaplin Close, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Chicheley Street, SE1 Henry Chichele was a 15th-century Archbishop of Canterbury. (Waterloo)
Climsland House, SE1 Climsland House is a block on Duchy Street (South Bank)
Coin Street, SE1 Coin Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Cole House, SE1 Cole House is a block on Tanswell Street (Waterloo)
Concert Hall Approach, SE1 Concert Hall Approach ’does what it says on the tin’ (South Bank)
Cons Street, SE1 Emma Cons was the founder of the Royal Victoria Coffee Music Hall, that later became known as the Old Vic (Waterloo)
Cooper Close, SE1 Cooper Close is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Coral Street, SE1 Coral Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Cornwall Flats, SE1 Cornwall Flats is a block on Cornwall Road (Waterloo)
Cornwall Road, SE1 According to John Norden’s description in 1615, there was a lane running northwest towards the Thames, following the approximate path of the modern Cornwall Road (South Bank)
Dodson Street, SE1 Dodson Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Doon Street, SE1 Doon Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area (South Bank)
Doreen Ramsey Court, SE1 Doreen Ramsey Court is a block on The Cut (Waterloo)
Dorset House, SE1 Dorset House is a block on Stamford Street (Southwark)
Duchy Street, SE1 Duchy Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Edward Henry House, SE1 Edward Henry House is a block on Cornwall Road (South Bank)
Elizabeth House, SE1 Elizabeth House is a block on York Road (Waterloo)
Ethelm House, SE1 Ethelm House is a block on Cornwall Road (Waterloo)
Exton Street, SE1 Exton Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Fifth Floor Valentine Place, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode
Forum Magnum Square, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (South Bank)
FranklinWilkins Building, SE1 FranklinWilkins Building is sited on Stamford Street (South Bank)
Frazier Street, SE1 Frazier Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Friars House, SE1 Friars House is a block on Blackfriars Road
Gerridge Street, SE1 Gerridge Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Golden Jubilee Bridge, WC2N Golden Jubilee Bridge is a road in the WC2N postcode area (River Thames)
Granby Place, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Gray Street, SE1 Gray Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Greenham Close, SE1 Greenham Close is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Lambeth North)
Greet Street, SE1 Greet Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Griffin Street, SE1 Griffin Street was marked on maps between the 1820s and the 1950s (Waterloo)
Harlington Street, SE1 Harlington Street was built in the 1820s but swept away by the building of Waterloo station (Waterloo)
Hatfields, SE1 The name "Hatfields" is believed to originate from a time when the area was used for drying animal skins, which were then used in various industries, including hat-making. (Southwark)
Henry House, SE1 Henry House is a building on Coin Street (South Bank)
Hermes House, SE1 Hermes House is a block on Blackfriars Road
Holmes Terrace, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Howley Street, SE1 Howley Street ran between Tenison Street and Sutton Street (Waterloo)
Howley Terrace, SE1 Howley Place was renamed as Howley Terrace in 1939 (South Bank)
James Clerk Maxwell Building, SE1 James Clerk Maxwell Building is a block on Waterloo Road (South Bank)
Johanna Street, SE1 Johanna Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Larch House, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Launcelot Street, SE1 Launcelot Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Leake Street, SE1 Leake Street is a road and a road tunnel where graffiti is tolerated (Waterloo)
Lower Marsh, SE1 Lower Marsh is an 18th century street in the Waterloo neighbourhood (Waterloo)
Manners Street, SE1 Manners Street ran northeast off Vine Street (South Bank)
Mepham Street, SE1 Mepham Street is one of many streets in the area named after Archbishops of Canterbury (Waterloo)
Merrow Street, SE1 Merrow Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area
Miller Walk, SE1 Miller Walk is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Mitre Road, SE1 Mitre Road is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Morley Street, SE1 Morley Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Munro House, SE1 Munro House can be found on Murphy Street (Waterloo)
Murphy Street, SE1 Murphy Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Narrow Wall, SE1 Narrow Wall was, by the Tudor period, a road on the line of the old earth embankment of the River Thames (South Bank)
National Film Theatre, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (South Bank)
Oakley Street, SE1 Gibson Street was called Oakley Street after 1877 (Waterloo)
Oreilly Street, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Paris Garden, SE1 Paris Garden is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Southwark)
Pear Place, SE1 Pear Place was formerly Peartree Street (Waterloo)
Pearman Street, SE1 Pearman Street is one of the centres of London (Lambeth North)
Pontypool Place, SE1 Pontypool Place is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Railway Arch 213, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Lambeth North)
Reeves House, SE1 Reeves House is a block on Baylis Road (Waterloo)
Roupell Street, SE1 Roupell Street was developed by John Palmer Roupell during the 1820s. (South Bank)
Samford Street, SE1 Samford Street is a road in the NW8 postcode area (South Bank)
Sandell Street, SE1 Sandell Street is named after a Mr Sandell, who owned warehouses here in the 1860s (Waterloo)
Santley House, SE1 Santley House can be found on Frazier Street (Waterloo)
Secker Street, SE1 Secker Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Short Street, SE1 Short Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
South Bank, SE1 South Bank is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Southbank Centre Square, SE1 Southbank Centre Square is a road in the SE1 postcode area (South Bank)
Southbank, SE1 Southbank is a road in the SE9 postcode area (South Bank)
Spur Road, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Stamford Street Apartments, SE1 This block stands on Stamford Street (South Bank)
Stamford Street, SE1 Stamford Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Stangate House, SE1 Stangate House is a block on Upper Marsh (Lambeth)
Station Approach, SE1 Station Approach serves Waterloo station (Waterloo)
Sutton Walk, SE1 Sutton Walk - formerly Sutton Street until 1939 - was redeveloped as part of Concert Hall Approach (South Bank)
Tanswell Street, SE1 Tanswell Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Tenison Street, SE1 Tenison Street was lost during the construction of the Shell buildings (South Bank)
The Balcony, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
The Colonnade, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
The Cut, SE1 Lower Marsh and The Cut, with its street market, formed the commercial heart of the area from the early 19th century (Waterloo)
The Foundry, SE1 The Foundry is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area
The Queen’s Walk, SE1 The Queen’s Walk is a road in the SE1 postcode area (South Bank)
The Tower Building, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Theed Street, SE1 Theed Street was one of the local streets developed by John Roupell (South Bank)
Ufford Street, SE1 Ufford Street is a road in the SE1 postcode area
Upper Marsh Street, SE1 Upper Marsh Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Lambeth)
Upper Marsh, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Lambeth)
Valentine Place, SE1 Valentine Place is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Valentine Row, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (Waterloo)
Vine Street, SE1 Vine Street roughly followed the route of the contemporary pathway between York Road and the South Bank, beside Waterloo underground station (South Bank)
Waterloo Centre, SE1 Waterloo Centre is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
Waterloo Court, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (South Bank)
Waterloo Road, SE1 Waterloo Road is the main road in the Waterloo area straddling the boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark. (Waterloo)
Wayerloo Court, SE1 A street within the SE1 postcode (South Bank)
Webber Row, SE1 Webber Row is a road in the SE1 postcode area (Waterloo)
Wellington House, SE1 Wellington House is a block on Waterloo Road (Waterloo)
Westminster Bridge, SE1 Westminster Bridge links Westminster on the west side with Lambeth on the east side (River Thames)
Whichcote Street, SE1 In the first years of the 19th century three streets of stock brick, terraced houses were laid out and named Anne Street, Agnes Street and Frances Street (Waterloo)
Whitehouse Apartments, SE1 Whitehouse Apartments is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (South Bank)
Whittlesey Street, SE1 Whittlesey Street dates from the 1830s (South Bank)
Windmill House, SE1 Windmill House is a block on Wootton Street (Waterloo)
Windmill Walk, SE1 Windmill Walk stretches north and south of the Roupell Street Conservation Area (Waterloo)
Wootton Street, SE1 Wootton Street is one of the streets of London in the SE1 postal area (Waterloo)
York Road Curve, SE1 York Road Curve is a road in the N1C postcode area (Waterloo)
York Road, SE1 York Road skirts the western edge of Waterloo station (Waterloo)


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